Tires are one of the important components of a car. They are directly in contact with the road surface and work together with the car suspension to ease the impact of the car when driving, ensure that the car has good seat comfort and ride smoothness; ensure that the wheels and the road surface have good adhesion, improve the traction, braking and passing of the car; bear the weight of the car, the important role of tires in the car has attracted more and more attention.
In 1895, with the appearance of automobiles, pneumatic tires were widely developed. The first samples of automobile tires appeared in France in 1895. These were single-tube tires made of plain canvas, with tread but no pattern.
In 1892, Burley Mill in the United Kingdom invented cord cloth, which was used in production in 1910. This achievement not only improved the quality of tires and expanded the variety of tires, but also made the outer tire possible to be molded. With the improvement of tire quality requirements, the quality of cord cloth was also improved. Cotton cord was replaced by rayon. In the late 1950s, rayon was replaced by nylon and polyester cords with better strength and heat resistance, and steel cords were highly competitive with the development of radial tires.
In 1904, Matt created carbon black reinforcing rubber, which was widely used to strengthen tread rubber after the tire was made of cord, because before that, canvas was damaged faster than tread in tire use. The amount of carbon black in the rubber increased rapidly. In the 1930s, only about 20 parts of carbon black were used in every 100 parts of raw rubber. At this time, carbon black was mainly used on the tread, and the carcass was not used, reaching more than 50 parts. Before the tread was mixed with carbon black, the tire was polished after only traveling about 6,000 kilometers. After the addition of carbon black, the mileage of the tire was soon significantly improved. A set of truck tires can travel about 100,000 kilometers, and on a good road surface, it can even reach 200,000 kilometers.
From 1913 to 1926, the invention of cord and carbon black tire technology laid the foundation for the development of the tire industry. The standardization of the outer edge of the tire, the gradual improvement of the manufacturing process, the production speed is higher than before, and the output of tires is increasing day by day.
With the development of the automobile industry, tire technology has been continuously improved and improved. For example, from the early 1920s to the mid-1930s, car tires transitioned from low-pressure tires to ultra-low-pressure tires; in the 1940s, tires gradually transitioned to wide rims; in the late 1940s, tubeless tires appeared; in the late 1950s, low-section tires came out, and so on. Many new technologies have emerged than the radial structure tire pioneered by the French Michelin company in 1946. This tire is known as a revolution in the tire industry due to its significant improvement in service life and performance, especially in driving. Here is a brief introduction to the main tire characteristics of today's development.
